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I1. OFFSHORE WIND OVERVIEW
1.1 General offshore wind update
1.2 Offshore wind’s place in the overall wind energy sector
1.3 Future offshore programmes and installations
1.4 The UK offshore wind development programme
1.5 Offshore wind design drivers
1.6 Installed technology
1.7 Challenges
1.7.1 Ambitious targets
1.7.2 A difficult place to work
1.7.3 Coordinated development of the system
1.7.4 Increasing supply / resources

2. OFFSHORE WIND TECHNOLOGY
2.1 Wind farm layout and components
2.2 The offshore wind generator unit
2.3 Turbine types and design
2.4 Site conditions and their impact
2.5 Foundations and substructures
2.5.1 Foundations - principal types currently installed
2.5.2 Foundations – emerging technologies
2.6 Electrical transmission
2.7 Life cycle, durability and reliability

3. CONSTRUCTION & INSTALLATION
3.1 Offshore Wind Construction and Installation Challenges
3.2 Construction & Installation Operations
3.3 Logistics
3.4 Super hubs, ports and other maritime construction facilities
3.5 Installation equipment and operations
3.6 Emerging alternatives for foundation installation
3.6.1 Concrete Gravity Base Schemes
3.6.2 Operations and equipment for substation installation
3.6.3 Cable supply and installation
3.7 Cable installation

4. CASE STUDIES
4.1 BARD Offshore 1, Germany 400MW
4.2 ORMONDE, UK 150MW
4.3 THORNTON BANK, Belgium 30 MW + 295 MW
4.4 GREATER GABBARD UK 504 MW

5. REFERENCES
APPENDIX 1 - OFFSHORE WIND FARM INSTALLATIONS - 2010 - STATISTICS
APPENDIX 2 – TURBINE STATISTICS AND CHARACTERISTICS

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 1 Installed Wind energy capacity until 2010
Table 1 2 Wind energy capacity added in 2010
Table 1 3 Round 3 Zones – Allocation and Characteristics
Table 1 4 Current status of UK Offshore programme
Table 1 5 UK target installation rates compared with 2010 base rate
Table 1 6 Offshore wind farm construction landmarks
Table 2 1 Nearshore, offshore, farshore definitions and parameters
Table 2 2 Offshore wind farm construction landmarks
Table 2 3 Characteristic dimensions of a selection of the leading offshore wind turbine types
Table 2 4 OWA foundation competition finalists selected to go forward to demonstration phase
Table 2 5 Breakdown of electrical transmission costs
Table 3 1 Main components of the WTG for installation as assembled for offshore installation
Table 3 2 Construction ports used for various UK projects
Table 3 3 Examples of floating heavy lift vessels
Table 3 4 Listing of further high capability vessels available or expected during 2010-2015
Table 3 5 Estimated requirement for WTG installation vessels
Table 3 6 Foundation Data for Strabag gravity base system
Table 3 7 Estimated requirement for WTG installation vessels
Table 3 8 Estimated peak demand for transmission cable
Table 3 9 Principal suppliers of AC submarine cable for offshore wind farms
Table 3 10 Principal cable installation contractors for offshore wind farms
Table 4 1 Projects Overview: Bard Offshore 1, Ormonde, Thornton Bank and Greater Gabbard
Table 4 2 Bard Offshore 1 Key Facts
Table 4 3 Main Construction and Installation Contractors at Ormonde
Table 4 4 Comparison of dimensions of Ormonde and Thanet OWGs
Table 4 5 Marine Infrastructure Works –particular responsibilities
Table 4 6 Thornton Bank: dimensions and characteristics of the turbine superstructure and foundations
Table 4 7 Size range of the monopiles used at Greater Gabbard
Table 4 8 Greater Gabbard Transition Piece dimensions

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 1 Trends in wind farm project costs
Figure 2 1 Main Component Cost Centres
Figure 2 2 Overall arrangement of OWG (Source: Horns Rev)
Figure 2 3 Foundation types and applicable water depth range for use
Figure 2 4 Monopile foundations
Figure 2 5 Gravity Base Foundations
Figure 2 6 Contour Plot of GBF under extreme wind loading
Figure 2 7 Nysted base unit
Figure 2 8 Thornton bank base unit
Figure 2 9 Tripod
Figure 2 10 Beatrice jacket
Figure 2 11 Alpha Ventus jacket
Figure 2 12 Blue H floating turbine system
Figure 2 13 SWAY turbine
Figure 2 14 Schematic arrangement of major elements of OWF electrical transmission system
Figure 3 1 Construction process for an offshore wind turbine generator
Figure 3 2 Turbine installation at the Beatrice project
Figure 3 3 Typical flows through a construction port
Figure 3 4 Typical flows through a super-hub port
Figure 3 5 Plots of operational availability for a range of different limiting sea states
Figure 3 6 GBF system
Figure 3 7 Concrete Foundation and Shaft
Figure 3 8 Strabag Carrier
Figure 3 9 Cleeve Hill Onshore substation London Array
Figure 3 10 Plan of substation deck
Figure 3 11 Lay barge in action
Figure 3 12 DP2 lay vessel
Figure 3 13 Cable handling on deck
Figure 4 1 Wind Lift 1
Figure 4 2 Wind Lift 1 re-positioned after pile driving
Figure 4 3 CSC production facility at Cuxhaven
Figure 4 4 BARD Emden Energy’s WTG series production facility at Emden.
Figure 4 5 The pre-assembled rotor star being lifted into place by Thor
Figure 4 6 Platform in transit
Figure 4 7 Installation sequence
Figure 4 8 Assembly of jacket and platform module as a self-installing unit
Figure 4 9 Part of the strand jacking system
Figure 4 10 Substation during on-site installation
Figure 4 11 Ormonde’s Wind Turbine
Figure 4 12 Project programme
Figure 4 13 General arrangement of the Ormonde OWG structure
Figure 4 14 Geosea Buzzard jack-up platform
Figure 4 15 Pile/jacket leg connection
Figure 4 16 Barge moving into position for jacket lift-off by Rambiz
Figure 4 17 H&W Construction Port Facility
Figure 4 18 MV ER Narvik loading 100t steel tube piles piles for Ormonde
Figure 4 19 Cable route from Ormonde
Figure 4 20 The Ormonde offshore substation installation
Figure 4 21 Location of current Belgian OWT developments
Figure 4 22 Thornton Bank Phase 1 -30MW in view
Figure 4 23 General arrangement of Thornton Bank WTG structure
Figure 4 24 Profile of the seabed and underlying soil along the array
Figure 4 25 Bases under construction
Figure 4 26 Rambiz ready to lift off base unit from SPMTs
Figure 4 27 Base unit positioned
Figure 4 28 Dredging of foundation pits
Figure 4 29 Gravel placement at foundation pits
Figure 4 30 Laying scour protection around base unit
Figure 4 31 Lifting of the rotor star from the supply jack-up barge
Figure 4 32 Drilling for cable laying
Figure 4 33 Feeding cable through duct to cable laying vessel
Figure 4 34 Pull in of the duct
Figure 4 35 Transition Pieces at Greater Gabbard
Figure 4 36 Tapered piles
Figure 4 37 BBC Konan Logistics ship
Figure 4 38 Seaway’s Leviathan installing blades at Greater Gabbard, with vessel jacked up to 24m air gap
Figure 4 39 The Inner Gabbard substation

CASE STUDIES

Case Study Overview

BARD Offshore 1, Germany 400MW
Lead organisations
Scope of work
Installation vessel
Foundation construction and installation
Foundation manufacturing facilities
Turbine installation
The Windfarm Substation
Assembly of jacket and platform module as self installing unit.
Cable supply and installation

ORMONDE, UK 150MW
The project scope and programme
Foundation construction and installation
Jacket manufacturing
An appreciation of jacket installation
Turbine installation
Power transmission
The Windfarm Substation

THORNTON BANK, Belgium 30 MW + 295 MW
Location
The project scope and programme
Basic design choices
General construction arrangements and considerations
Construction operations for the base units
Load –out and transport offshore
Dredging, and other marine operations pre-and post-installation
Laying the gravel foundation bed
Backfilling of pits
Ballast Infill
Scour protection
Turbine installation

GREATER GABBARD - UK 504MW
Organisation of the project
The project scope and programme
General construction arrangements
Monopiles
Transition pieces
Vessel selection and logistics
The foundation installation process
Turbine installation
Logistics ship
Power transmission
The Offshore Substations
Cable supply & installation

For a better understanding of what this report covers download the free selected findings PDF here